Electing Presidents in Presidential and Semi-Presidential Democracies
This primer discusses the constitutional rules for choosing presidents in countries where the president exercises significant governance powers.
Geographical Coverage: Global
Electoral Justice Regulations Around the World
This report provides an overview of the global data on the electoral dispute-resolution (EDR) mechanisms contained within the International IDEA…
Electoral System Design Database Codebook
This Codebook provides detailed explanations of the variables in International IDEA’s Electoral System Design Database (ESDDatabase).
Emergency Law Responses to Covid-19 and the Impact on Peace and Transition Processes
This report explores the way governments undergoing transitions to peace and democracy have triggered emergency legal frameworks to disable some…
Democracy and the Challenge of Climate Change
This report explores IDEA’s work on climate change and democracy as it aims to support democratic institutions to successfully confront…
Digital Microtargeting
This Primer discusses digital microtargeting by political parties and concentrates on examples of political parties around the world that have…
Digital Solutions for Political Finance Reporting and Disclosure: A Practical Guide
This guide contains information on political party and candidate income and expenditure, and explains how transparency can be increased by…
Direct Democracy
This document analyses how direct democracy describes rules, institutions and processes that enable the public to vote directly on a…
The Division of Powers in Federations
he primary focus of this document is the division of legislative power in countries with a federal system of government.
Consultation, Deliberation and Decision-Making: Direct Public Participation in Constitution-Building
This document examines three different forms of direct public participation in constitution-building—consultation, deliberation and decision-making—and identifies ways to promote inclusive…