This paper analyzes the state of Russia’s influence campaigns vis-à-vis the war to understand the failures, successes, limitations, and potential of Russian, and pro-Russian, information operations to influence the future trajectory of the conflict. It primarily focuses on Russian and Chinese messaging over the first 11 months of the war (February 24, 2022–January 23, 2023) using data sourced from the Alliance for Securing Democracy at GMF’s Hamilton 2.0 dashboard, which tracks more than 700 Twitter accounts and 25 state-backed media outlets belonging to individuals or entities connected to Russian and Chinese government entities or state-funded media outlets. This report also draws from data obtained through CrowdTangle, a Facebook-owned social media monitoring platform.
