Local Democracy
This document examines local democracy as the self-government of cities, towns, villages and districts by democratic means—typically, but not exclusively,…
Language: Arabic
Interim Governance Arrangements in Post-Conflict and Fragile Settings
This Report provides an understanding of how temporary governance during major political transitions is structured and how it works in…
Federalism
This Primer explores how federalism, as a constitutional mechanism for dividing power between different levels of government, can enjoy constitutionally…
Direct Democracy
This document analyses how direct democracy describes rules, institutions and processes that enable the public to vote directly on a…
Bicameralism
This document analyses bicameral parliaments or legislatures as those in which two assemblies share legislative power.
Constitutional Monarchs in Parliamentary Democracies
This document discusses the role of a constitutional monarch in a parliamentary democracy as a hereditary symbolic head of state…
Atlas of Electoral Gender Quotas
This report collects data on the use of gender quotas around the world, and it covers 85 countries and territories…
Electoral Risk Management Tool (ERMTool)
This data tool aims to build the user’s capacity to understand, analyze, and mitigate electoral risks, and it is designed…
Community Based Safeguarding Visual Toolkit
The community based safeguarding visual toolkit is an adaptable toolkit designed to assist humanitarian and development agencies communicate key safeguarding…
Assessment of the Syrian 2021 Presidential Election
The decade-long conflict in Syria is not a conducive environment for credible elections. Irrespective of the conditions, however, the International…